Часть 3.
В 3 Части теста имеется один большой текст с 4 типами вопросов к нему.
Шаг 1. Осмотри текст.
Шаг 2. Просмотри текст и установи его организацию.
Шаг 3 Прочитай вопросы.
В этой части обычно один длинный текст ( около 700 слов) без подзаголовков. Будут 3 или 4 типа разных вопросов.
Вопросы могут быть следующих типов:
– любой из Частей 1 и 2.
– дописать заключение
– дополнить таблицу
– определить качество и характеристики.
В связи с тем, что текст достаточно большой и вы будете искать ответы на разные вопросы, будет правильно, прежде чем отвечать на
вопросы, сначала установить тему текста и организацию информации в нем.
Так же как и во 2 части навык просмотра и осмотра текста будет очень полезным. Вы должны эффективно использовать свое время.
Ниже на примере, будет показfно как отвечать на вопросы без потери времени. Обсудим Навыки и стратегию ответов.
Не читайте сразу текст и вопросы. Перейдите к разделу “Как отвечать на вопросы”, а оттуда вернетесь к текстам и вопросам.
Пример – Текст и Вопросы.
Вопросы 1-4.
В тексте 8 параграфов, обозначенных A- H.
Напишите соответствующую букву А – Н в квадратах 1- 4
вашего экзаменационного листа. Для каждого ответа требуется только одна буква.
Внимание: Вы можете использовать одну буква более одного раза.
Пример Ответ
Numbers living in cities between 1950 and 1985. А
1. The number of large cities in Africa.
2 .The projected population of Mexico City.
3. An explanation of what ‘natural’ population increase is.
4. The lack of clean water in cities.
URBANISATION
A. The United Nations Human Development Report 1990 has called this ‘the century of the great urban explosion’.
Between 1950 and 1985 the number of people living in cities in the world nearly_tripled. In the developing world,
it quadrupled—from less than 300 million lo about 1.2 billion. In Africa, the population of the larger cities increased more than sevenfold over this period.
B Although the rate of city growth is expected to slow in the future, the absolute numbers added each year will continue to grow. Most of this growth—as much as two-thirds in many Asian and Latin American cities— will come from natural increase (i.e. the excess of births over deaths) of populations already in cities.
The rest will come from rural-urban migration (in pan a result of high rural fertility pulling pressure on agricultural livelihoods) and the urbanisation of currently rural areas.
C In future, the urban population of the developing countries is expected to grow by nearly another billion in the next fifteen years. By 2015. half the developing world’s people will live in urban areas. Growth rates will be fastest in Africa, though absolute growth will be greatest in Asia, where cities will gain 500 million inhabitants between 1985 and the turn of the century.
D An increasing proportion of the urbanised population will be living in huge cities. The number of cities with a million or more inhabitants in developing countries was only 28 in 1950. By 1989 there were 125, and there will be a projected 277 in the year 2000. Africa had only one such city in 1950. By 2000 Africa could have 60 cities of a million or more.
E However, urban growth in developing countries has not been evenly distributed between all cities, in most countries one or two giant cities have grown out of all proportion, cornering the lion’s share of investment industry and government spending—but also creating problems of congestion, squalor and unrest.
F In 1970. only 13 per cent of the urban population of developing countries lived in cities with more than four million people. By 2025, such cities are expected to house 28 per cent of town dwellers. While many northern cities such as London or Paris have leveled out or reduced their populations, the dominant cities of developing countries have grown exponentially. The populations of Tehran, Karachi and Manila grew at 5 per cent or more a year in the 1970s, and those of Delhi, Mexico City, Seoul, Sao Paolo and Jakarta at between 4 and 5 per cent. A number of cities may grow to gigantic size. Mexico City, which had a population of 15 million in 1980, may grow to nearly 25 million by the year 2000. Greater Bombay , which had only 3 million inhabitants in 1950, is expected to be the second largest with over 15 million.Jakarta will be third, with an estimated 13 million or more inhabitants by the turn of the century.
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